International · Tax · Pricing
VAT-inclusive price calculator.
Pick a rate, enter a price, and convert between a price without tax and a price with tax. The sum is done in whole cents, so there is no floating-point drift.
Net to gross: net × (1 + rate). Gross to net: gross ÷ (1 + rate). At 20% the tax in a tax-inclusive price is one-sixth of it: HMRC’s VAT Notice 700 uses £2.40 including VAT, which contains 40p of VAT.
Inputs
Result
Fill the form and press Calculate.
Worked example
A net price of 100.00 at the UK standard rate of 20% is 120.00 including VAT, with 20.00 of VAT. Going back, 120.00 including VAT is 100.00 net. HMRC’s VAT guide gives another case: a sale at £2.40 including VAT at 20% contains 40 pence of VAT, because VAT is one-sixth of a VAT-inclusive price at 20%, not 20% of it. At Germany’s 19%, a net 19.99 becomes 23.79 (tax 3.80).
The rule this tool uses
- Net to gross: tax = net × rate; gross = net + tax, rounded to the nearest cent, half up.
- Gross to net: net = gross ÷ (1 + rate), rounded to the nearest cent, half up; tax = gross − net, so the pieces always add up to the price you typed.
- Tax fraction: rate ÷ (100 + rate), the share of a tax-inclusive price that is tax. At 20% it is 1/6, as HMRC’s VAT guide says.
- Rounding: tax authorities and invoicing software can round per line or per invoice. This tool rounds each conversion once; for a multi-line invoice, check your authority’s rule.
Rates in the list and where each is stated (retrieved October 2026): UK 20% and 5% on gov.uk/vat-rates; Ireland 23% and 13.5% on Revenue’s current VAT rates; Germany 19% and 7% in the Bundesfinanzministerium glossary; France 20%, 10% and 5.5% on impots.gouv.fr; Australia 10% on the ATO; New Zealand 15% on Inland Revenue; Singapore 9% on IRAS. Which rate applies to your product is the tax authority’s decision; for other countries use the custom rate. See also the EU VAT Rate Calculator.
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate a VAT-inclusive price?
Multiply the net price by one plus the rate: net × 1.20 at 20%. The calculator does this in whole cents.
How do I take VAT out of a price that already includes it?
Divide by one plus the rate (gross ÷ 1.20 at 20%). Do not subtract 20% of the gross; that removes too much. Equivalently, the VAT is rate ÷ (100 + rate) of the gross.
Why is the VAT fraction at 20% one-sixth?
20 ÷ 120 = 1/6. HMRC’s VAT guide uses this: £2.40 including VAT contains 40p of VAT.
Does this work for GST?
Yes. GST works the same way; pick the Australian, New Zealand or Singapore rate or enter your own.
Which rate should I charge?
That depends on what you sell and where, and is decided by the tax authority. The presets show the standard (and some reduced) rates stated on the cited pages.
Not tax advice
This tool compares numbers you enter with thresholds published by the tax authority named on the page. It runs in your browser, stores nothing and does not decide your tax status. Thresholds change; confirm with the authority or a qualified adviser.